ISLAND COHOUSING COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION, INC
BY-LAWS
ARTICLE I - Name
The name of
the organization shall be "Island Cohousing Community Association,
Inc." and shall be referred to in this document as the "Community". It shall be operated as a not-for-profit
corporation in accordance with Massachusetts law.
DEFINITIONS
For the
purposes of this By-Laws:
a.
Annual Assessment - shall mean funds levied annually for
Common Expenses.
b.
Articles - shall mean the Articles of
Organization filed with the Secretary of the Commonwealth pursuant to Chapter
180 of Massachusetts General Laws incorporating Island Cohousing Community
Association Inc. on ______ __, 2000, as
amended from time to time.
c.
By-Laws - shall mean the By-Laws of the Community, as amended from
time to time.
d.
Common Areas - shall mean all real property and
related improvements that are intended for the mutual benefit or use of all
Members of the Community and shall consist of all Property that is not a part of any House Lot. The Common
Areas, as depicted in Exhibit A, shall be inclusive of but not limited the
Shared System, common house, roads, pond, garden, underground utilities, forest and agricultural lands, and any other
or future shared facilities or improvements.
e.
Common Expenses - shall mean expenses for the
management, maintenance, repair, and operation of Common Areas and enforcement
of the Declaration and these By-Laws.
f.
Community - shall mean Island Cohousing
Community Association Inc., a Massachusetts non-profit corporation formed by its
Members as the organization of homeowners in Island Cohousing.
g.
Community Policies - shall mean policies that may be
established from time to time by the Community, in accordance with the
Declaration.
h.
Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions (CC&R) or
Declaration
- shall mean the instrument setting forth land use restrictions, design controls, construction requirements
and the like established by the
Community recorded with the Dukes County Registry of Deeds, as the same may be
amended from time to time.
i.
Decision of the Community - shall mean consensus or vote
of the Community as provided herein.
j.
Design Review Committee - shall consist of no less than
three (3) and no more than five (5) Members selected by the Community, who
shall develop rules and procedures to assist in the review of proposed House
Lot and Common Area improvements, and shall administer the provisions of the
Declaration.
k.
Design Objectives - shall mean guidelines established
from time to time by the Community and enforced by the Design Review Committee.
l.
Greywater – shall mean any putrescible
wastewater discharged from domestic activities including but not limited to
washing machines, sinks, showers, bath tubs, dishwashers, or other source
except toilets, urinals and any drains equipped with garbage grinders.
m.
House Lot(s) - shall consist of the 16 separate
House Lots on the Property.
n.
Member(s) - shall mean any adult individual who
holds a beneficial ownership including a tenancy interest in a House Lot as
well as such individual's successors in interest.
o.
Member Household(s) - shall mean all
of the Member or Members of a single
household owning and/ or occupying a House Lot who shall act as the governing
board of the Community.
p.
Property - shall mean all real property and
improvements comprising Island Cohousing that are subject to the Declaration ,
including all Common Areas and all House Lots.
q.
Shared System – shall mean a on-site graywater-only
sewage disposal system serving all of the House Lots and Common Areas of the
Community complying with Title 5 and regulations of the West Tisbury Board
of Health, shown on a plan entitled “Graywater System Easement Plan, Head of
the Pond Road, West Tisbury, Massachusetts” dated January 8, 1999, scale 1"
= 50', prepared by Schofield Barbini & Hoehn, Post Office Box 339, Vineyard
Haven, Massachusetts (the “Plan”), recorded with Dukes County Registry of Deeds
herewith, being the same as the Shared System described in the Grant of
Title 5 Covenant and Easement and Nitrogen Loading Restriction also
recorded herewith.
r.
Special Assessments - shall mean funds levied from time to
time for the purpose of paying non-recurring capital expenses of the Community.
s.
Title 5 – shall mean Title 5 of the State Environmental Code 310
CMR 15.000, as amended from time to time.
ARTICLE II - Purpose, Powers and Duties
2.1. Purpose and Powers of the Community. The Community has been organized for the purposes
and shall have the powers set forth in its Articles duly filed with the
Massachusetts Secretary of State pursuant to the General Laws, Chapter
180. The By-Laws may be amended or
restated by the Member Households, from time to time, as provided in the
General Laws, Chapter 180.
The
Community’s purpose is to function as a homeowners association for the
development, management, maintenance and care of Island Cohousing, a community of approximately 16 private households and shared common facilities and property owned by the
Community which, through the balance
of individual autonomy and group opportunities, enhances the social and
economic quality of life of the residents based upon the Guiding Principles set
forth in Exhibit B. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the business and purposes of the Community shall not be limited
to its initial principal business activity and, unless the Community otherwise
determines, the Community shall have authority to engage in any other lawful purpose
or activity permitted by the General Laws, Chapter 180, and it shall possess
and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted by the General Laws,
Chapter 180 or together with any powers incidental thereto, so far as such
powers or privileges are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or
attainment of the purposes or activities of the Community, including without
limitation the following powers:
(a) to conduct its operations in any state,
territory or possession of the United States or in any foreign country or
jurisdiction;
(b) to purchase, receive, take, lease or
otherwise acquire, own, hold, improve,
maintain, use or otherwise deal in and with, sell, convey, lease, exchange,
transfer or otherwise dispose of, mortgage, pledge, encumber or create a
security interest in all or any of its real or personal property, or any
interest therein, wherever situated;
(c) to borrow or lend money or obtain or extend
credit and other financial accommodations, to invest and reinvest its funds in
any type of security or obligation of or interest in any public, private or
governmental entity, and to give and receive interests in real and personal
property as security for the payment of funds so borrowed, loaned or invested;
(d) to make contracts, including contracts of
insurance, incur liabilities and give guaranties, including without limitation,
guaranties of obligations of other persons who are interested in the Community
or in whom the Community has an interest;
(e) to employ employees, agents and other
persons, to fix the compensation and define the duties and obligations of such
personnel, to establish and carry out retirement, incentive and benefit plans
for such personnel, and to indemnify such personnel to the extent permitted by
these By-Laws and the General Laws, Chapter 180;
(f) to make donations irrespective of benefit to
the Community for the public welfare or for community, charitable, religious,
educational, scientific, civic or similar purposes;
(g) to institute,
prosecute, and defend any legal action or arbitration proceeding involving the
Community, and to pay, adjust, compromise, settle, or refer to arbitration any
claim by or against the Community or any of its assets;
(h) to collect
assessments from Member Households as necessary to defray the Community’s
operating expenses, impose liens, foreclose on House Lots; and
(i) to exercise
any other rights or powers of a homeowners association under Massachusetts law.
ARTICLE III - Office
3.1 Location. The principal address of the Community shall
be P.O. Box 4376, Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts 02568‑4376. The principal office of the Community shall
be located in the Town of West Tisbury, Massachusetts at such location as the
Member Households may determine from time to time.
ARTICLE IV - Membership
4.1 Membership. .
Membership shall be appurtenant to and may not be separated from
ownership of a House Lot. Members
cannot act except in their capacity as members of a Member Household. A Member Household may have one or more
Members.
ARTICLE V - Member Households
5.1 Member Households. The Member Households shall manage the
business of the corporation. Member Households may increase their size by
including additional individuals at any time.
Member Households shall be
represented and participate in the activities and the governance of the
Community as set forth herein. Each
Member shall cause his or her Member Household to pay their assessments, attend
meetings and participate on committees, and participate in community chores and
projects.
5.2 Powers and Duties of the Member
Households. The business and affairs of the
Community shall be managed under the direction of the Member Households, who
shall have and may exercise on behalf of the Community all of its rights,
powers, duties and responsibilities under Section 2.1 or as provided by
law, including without limitation the right and authority for:
(a)
Operation, care, upkeep and maintenance of the Common Areas;
(b)
Appointment of committees to facilitate and manage the
affairs of the Community;
(c)
Election of
Officers from the Member Households;
(d)
Allocation of income
and expenses determination of the Annual and Special Assessments required for
the Community;
(e)
Collection of Annual and Special Assessments from the
Member Households;
(f)
Employment and dismissal of the personnel
necessary for the maintenance and operation of the Common Areas;
(g)
Adoption and amendment of the Declaration, and Community
Policies and Design Objectives covering the details of the operation and use of
the Community;
(h)
Opening of bank accounts on behalf of the Community and
designating required signatories;
(i)
Leasing,
managing and otherwise dealing with the Common Areas;
(j)
Owning,
conveying, encumbering, leasing and otherwise dealing with House Lots conveyed
to it or purchased by it as the result of enforcement of the lien for
assessments exercise of the right to first refusal contained in the Declaration,
or otherwise;
(k)
Obtaining of insurance for the Community, including the
House Lots, pursuant to the provisions hereof;
(l)
Making of
repairs, additions and improvements to, or alterations of, the Community, and
repairs to and restoration of the Community in accordance with the other
provisions hereof;
(m)
Enforcement
of obligations of Member Households under these By-Laws; the Declaration, Community Policies and Design Objectives of the Community
including; in the case of persistent violation, the power to require such
Member Household to post a bond to secure adherence to the covenants or
policies;
(n)
Granting or relocating easements;
(o)
Anything and everything else necessary and proper for the
sound management of the Community;
(p)
Connecting House Lots and Common Areas in the Community to
the Shared System or connecting such facilities to a public sewer line when and
if said line is in place and connection is authorized;
(q)
Managing, operating, inspecting, maintaining and repairing
the Shared System, preventing the discharge of any wastewater other than
Greywater to the Shared System and restoring the surfaces of roads, ways and
the surface of the Property which may be disturbed in connection with the
maintenance, repair and replacement of the Shared System;
(r)
Upgrading,
expanding or replacing the Shared System to the extent required to comply with
Title 5 and regulations of the West Tisbury Board of Health.
(s)
Maintaining
insurance policies necessary for the Shared System;
(t)
Collecting and
reporting monitoring and other data in accordance with, and otherwise ensuring
compliance with, local and state approvals for the Shared System.
(u)
Preparing from time to time, at least annually, an operating
and capital expense budget in order to determine the amount of Common Expenses
payable by Member Households to meet the expenses of the Shared System;
(v)
Assessing each Member Household from time to time as Common
Expenses, such Member Household’s proportionate share of the total expenses
incurred by the Community for the management, operation, inspection,
maintenance, upgrade, expansion and repair of the Shared System and a reserve
for the replacement of said Shared System in accordance with a maintenance and
replacement plan and budget complying with Title 5. The initial Operating Costs and Replacement
Plan for the Shared System is attached as Exhibit C;
(w)
Assessing
each Member Household, from time to time, such Special Assessments as the
Community shall in its discretion determine are necessary to pay extraordinary
expenses related to the Shared System;
(x)
Granting to the West Tisbury Board of Health and the
Department of Environmental Protection a covenant and easement with respect to
the Shared System in the form required to comply with Title 5;
(y)
Adopting reasonable rules and regulations governing the use
by Member Households of the Shared System;
(z)
Making
contracts and other agreements and opening bank accounts and escrow accounts in
the name of the Community which the Community deems convenient to the
performance of its duties hereunder;
(aa)
Enforcing
compliance with, and administering the provisions of, the Declaration regarding
the Shared System;
(bb)
Upon
reasonable request, rendering certificates suitable for recording indicating
whether or not Common Expenses and Special Assessments due have been paid,
which certificates may be relied upon by all persons as to the facts stated
therein; and
(cc)
Exercising
any other powers that may be necessary or desirable for carrying out the
purposes of the Declaration regarding the Shared System.
5.3. Consensus
Policy/Voting. The Community, including
committees, shall endeavor to make all decisions by consensus pursuant to the
Consensus Policy attached hereto as Exhibit D. If a consensus (unanimity or non-objection of the attending
Member Households providing there is a quorum as set forth in Section 5.4 (c))
of the Community cannot be achieved during two consecutive facilitated meetings
of the Member Households separated by a minimum of 24 hours and if requested by
any Member participant of the meeting, all actions, approvals or consents to be
taken or given by the Member Households as to any such matter shall thereafter
require the affirmative vote of 75% of the Member Households in attendance at a
meeting at which a quorum is present or the written consent of 75% of the
Member Households. Proxies shall be
allowed, but cannot block consensus or fill a quorum. Each Member Household shall be afforded one vote on all matters
to be decided by vote of the Member Households, regardless of the number of
Members in such Member Household. Any Member residing within the Member
Household may cast at any meeting or in any consent in lieu of meeting the vote
of a Member Household. Members within a Member Household shall jointly decide
how to exercise their vote. If the
Members within a Member Household cannot decide how the Member Household's vote
is to be cast at the time a vote is to be taken, the Member Household shall
abstain from such vote. Any purported
vote of a Member Household that is contested by any Member of a Member
Household shall be of no force or effect. Unless otherwise required by the
General Laws, Chapter 180 or these By-Laws, all actions, approvals and consents
to be taken or given by the Member Households under the General Laws, Chapter
180, these By-Laws or otherwise shall require the affirmative vote or written
consent of the Member Households as provided herein. Fractional votes shall be rounded to the nearest whole number.
5.4. Meetings
of Member Households.
(a) Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of Member Households shall
be held on the first Sunday and third Sunday of each month or on such other
days as may be determined by decision of the Member Households at any regular
or special meeting. No notice of
regular meetings will be delivered to Member Households.
(b) Special Meetings. Special Meetings of Member Households may be
called for any proper purpose at any time by a majority of the Member
Households. The Member Households
calling the Special Meeting shall determine the date, time and place of each
meeting of Member Households, and written notice thereof shall be given to each
Member Household not less than three days or more than 60 days prior to
the date of the Special Meeting. The
business of each meeting of Member Households shall be limited to the purposes
described in the notice. A written
waiver of notice, executed before or after a Special Meeting by a Member on
behalf of their Member Household or its
authorized attorney and delivered to the Community shall be deemed equivalent
to notice of the Special Meeting.
(c) Quorum. Nine Member Households in attendance (not including proxies) shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business at a meeting of Member
Households. Members may participate
in a meetings by means of conference telephone or similar communications
equipment that permits all Members present to hear each other. If less than a quorum of the Member
Households is present, the facilitator may adjourn the meeting to a later date,
time and place, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further
notice. When an adjourned meeting is
reconvened, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at
the original meeting.
(d) Facilitator. The
Presiding Officer appointed by the Member Households shall preside at all
meetings of the Community. The
Presiding Officer shall recommend the order of business and the procedures to
be followed at each meeting of the Community.
(e) Recorder. The
Recording Officer appointed by the Member Households shall take minutes at all
meetings of the Community. The
Recording Officer shall distribute and keep organized minutes and agendas for
each meeting of the Community.
5.5. Action
Without a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken
by the Community may be taken without a meeting if written consents to such
action shall be signed by all Members of the number of Member Households
required to approve the action being taken.
Such written consents shall be delivered to the Community and unless otherwise
specified shall be effective on the date when the first consent is so
delivered. The Presiding Officer shall
give prompt notice to all Member Households who did not consent to any action
taken by written consent of Member Households without a meeting.
5.6. Limitation
of Liability of Members. Except for the obligation to pay
Annual or Special Assessments or as otherwise provided in the General Laws,
Chapter 180, no Member or Officer of the Community shall be obligated
personally for any debt, obligation or liability of the Community or of any
other Member, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, solely by reason
of being a Member or officer of the Community.
Except as otherwise provided in the General Laws, Chapter 180, by law or
expressly in these By-Laws, no Member or officer shall have any fiduciary or
other duty to another Member with respect to the business and affairs of the
Community, and no Member shall be liable to the Community or any other Member
for acting in good faith reliance upon the provisions of these By-Laws. The failure of the Community to observe any
formalities or requirements relating to the exercise of its powers or the
management of its business or affairs under these By-Laws or the General Laws,
Chapter 180 shall not be grounds for making its Members responsible for the
liabilities of the Community.
5.7 Authority. Any writing signed by the Presiding Officer
and Financial Officer shall be binding upon the Community and any person living
within the Community shall be entitled to rely upon the same. Unless
specifically authorized by the Community, no Member shall be an agent of the
Community or have any right, power or authority to act for or to bind the
Community or to undertake or assume any obligation or responsibility of the
Community or of any other Member. (See also Section 6.6 below)
5.8 Transfer/ Admission of New Members.
Member Households cannot be transferred other than in connection with
the sale of a house in the Community.
The Member Households and Members of the Community shall be listed on
Schedule A and said schedule shall be amended from time to time to reflect
the withdrawal or admission of Members
or the transfer of Members Households pursuant to these By-Laws. Member
Households shall be notified of changes in Schedule A, which shall
constitute the recorded list of the Member Households for all purposes of these
By-Laws.
5.9. Right to Withdraw/ Transfer.
Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, a Member shall be deemed to have withdrawn from the
Community upon ceasing to be a resident of a Member Household. Any outstanding assessments due from any
Member Household upon transfer of a House Lot shall be paid according to the
terms of the Declaration. All
assessments shall be non‑refundable.
5.10. Records and Audits - The Recording
Officer shall keep detailed records of the actions of the Member Households and
minutes of the meetings of the Member Households. The Community shall as soon as reasonably possible after the
close of the fiscal year submit to the Member Households a report of the
operations of the Community for such year, which shall include financial
statements. The Financial Officer shall
keep and maintain the financial records and books of accounting of the
Community as well as a separate account for each House Lot, which among other
things shall contain the amount of each Annual Assessment and Special
Assessment against each House Lot, the date when due, the amounts paid thereon
and the balance remaining unpaid. Copes
of the Declaration, these By-Laws and any rules and regulations, as the same
may be amended from time to time, shall be maintained at the office of the Community
and shall be available for inspection by Members, their authorized agents and
any institutional mortgagees during reasonable business hours. (See also
Section 6.4 and 6.5 below)
5.11. Checks, Notes, Drafts, and Other
Instruments. Check, notes, drafts
and other instruments for the payment of money drawn or endorsed in the name of
the Community shall be signed by the
Financial Officer or by any other person or persons to whom such power may be
designated by the Community. (See also Section 6.4 below)
5.12. Committees.
The Community may appoint Members to committees, each having not fewer
than two (2) Members. Each committee
shall appoint a chairperson from amongst its members who will facilitate the
affairs of the committee. Members of all such committees shall
serve during the pleasure of the Community.
In the event that any member of a committee shall cease to be a Member
of the Community for any reason, such Member shall forthwith cease to a member
of such committee. Any committee shall
possess and may exercise any powers expressly delegated to such committee by
the Community, other than those powers the delegation of which is expressly
forbidden by law. All action taken by a
committee shall be subject to revision or alteration by the Members; provided
that no rights or acts of third parties shall be affected by any such revision
or alteration. Each committee shall fix
its own rules of procedure, shall meet as provided by such rules or by
resolution of the Community, and shall keep records of its actions and
proceedings, which records shall be made available for examination by the
Members. The greater of two (2) members
or a majority of the members of a committee shall constitute a quorum and in
every case where a quorum is present, the consensus of the members of such
committee present at any meeting shall be necessary for the adoption of any
resolution by such committee.
5.13. Design Review Committee. The Community hereby establishes a Design
Review Committee as a permanent committee of the Community, which shall
administer and perform the architectural and landscape review and control
functions of the Community set forth in the Declaration. The Design Review Committee will consist of
no less than three (3) and no more than five (5) Members appointed by the
Community for three (3) year terms.
ARTICLE VI -Officers
6.1. Officers. The officers of the Community shall be the
Presiding Officer, the Financial Officer and the Recording Officer. The Member
Households may select additional officers as they deem appropriate. The
Presiding Officer, Financial Officer and Recording Officer shall be Members, as
shall other officers of the Community as may be designated.
6.2. Selection
and Removal of Officers. The officers shall be chosen annually at a Regular
Meeting of the Member Households and shall hold office at the discretion
thereof or until their successors are chosen. Any officer may be removed,
either with or without cause, at a Regular or Special Meeting of the Member
Households called for that purpose, and at which eighty percent (80%) of the
Member Households are present (excepting the officer in question), and his or
her replacement chosen as herein provided.
6.3. Presiding
Officer. The Presiding Officer shall be the chief executive officer of the
Community. He or she, or his or her designee, shall preside at all meetings of the Member Households of the
Community. Subject to the direction and authorization of the Member Households,
he or she shall have all of the general powers and duties that are incidental
to the office of president of a non-profit corporation under the laws of
Massachusetts.
6.4. Financial
Officer. The Financial Officer shall have the responsibility for
Community's funds and securities, and such other funds and securities as are
entrusted to the Community, and shall be responsible for keeping full and
accurate financial records and books of account showing all receipts and
disbursements and for the preparation of required financial data. He or she
shall be responsible for the deposit of all monies and other valuable effects
in the name of the Community in such depositories as may from time to time may
be designated by the Member Households, and he or she shall perform all duties
incidental to the office of Treasurer of a non-profit corporation organized
under the laws of Massachusetts. No payment voucher shall be paid unless and
until approved by the Financial officer, or in his or her absence, by the
Assistant Financial officer, if any, or the Presiding Officer.
6.5. Recording
Officer. The Recording Officer shall keep the minutes of all meetings of
the
Member Households; shall have charge of
such books and papers as the Member Households may direct; and shall perform
all the duties incidental to the office of the Clerk of a non-profit
corporation under the laws of Massachusetts and as described elsewhere in the
By-Laws of the Community.
6.6. Execution
of Documents. All agreements, contracts, deeds, leases, checks and other
instruments of the Community shall be executed by such officer or officers of
the Community or by such other person(s) as may be authorized by the Member
Households, and in the absence of designation, by the Presiding Officer and/the
Financial Officer.
6.7. Compensation
of Officers. No officer shall
receive any compensation from the Community for acting as such, except for
reimbursement of necessary and duly incurred expenses.
6.8. Resignation. Any officer may resign at any time by giving
written notice to the Member Households, the Presiding Officer or the Recording
Officer. Any such resignation shall take effect on the date of the receipt of
such notice or any later time specified therein.
6.9. No
Personal Liability. The Presiding Officer, Financial Officer or Recording
Officer shall not be held liable or accountable out of his or her personal
assets or be deprived of compensation, if any, by reason of (a) any action
taken, suffered or omitted in good faith, in the reasonable belief that his or
her action was in the best interests of the Community; (b) allowing one or more of the other officers or
committee members to have possession of the Community's books or property; (c) honest
errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law: (d) for any other reason
excepting other conduct as would exempt him or her from indemnification under
Section 6.11 below.
6.10. Officers
May Deal With the Community. No officer shall be disqualified by his or her
office, or status, from contracting or dealing, directly or indirectly, with
the Community as vendor, purchaser or otherwise because of his or her, interest
in any corporation, firm, trust, partnership or other organization connected
with such contracting or dealing, nor shall any such dealing, contract or
arrangement entered into with the Community in which any officer has an
interest, be avoided nor shall any officer so dealing or contracting or being
so interested be liable to account for any profit realized by any such dealing,
contract or arrangement by reason of such officer's holding office or of the
fiduciary relation hereby established, or by reason of such officer's status,
provided that the officer shall act in good faith and shall disclose the nature
of his or her interest before the dealing, contract or arrangement is entered
into. (See also Article VII)
6.11. Indemnification. The Community shall, to the extent legally
permissible, indemnify each officer and Member against all liabilities and
expenses, including amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or
as fines and penalties, and counsel fees, reasonably incurred by him or her in
connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit or other
proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which he or she may be involved or
with which he or she may be threatened, while in office, or thereafter, by
reason of his or her being or having been such an officer or Member, except with
respect to any matter as to which he or she shall have been adjudicated in any
proceeding to have acted in bad faith or with willful misconduct or reckless
disregard of his or her duties. The
right of indemnification hereby provided shall not be exclusive of or affect
any other rights to which any officer or Member may be entitled herein or by
contract or otherwise under law. As used in this Section, the term "officer"
includes his or her respective heirs, executors and administrators. Nothing in
this Section shall, however, be deemed to limit in any respect the powers
granted to any officer in these By-Laws. In
furtherance hereof the Community shall maintain so called Officers And
Directors Liability Insurance in such amounts as the Member Households shall
determine. The Community shall have the power to obtain and maintain policies
of casualty and physical damage insurance for
the benefit and protection of the Community's Common Areas. The provisions of this Article may be
amended or repealed in accordance with Section 12.5. However, no amendment or repeal of such provisions that adversely
affects the rights of an officer under this Article with respect to his/her
acts or omissions at any time prior to such amendment or repeal shall apply to
said officer without his/her consent.
ARTICLE VII - Conflicts of Interest
7.1 Transactions with Interested Persons.
Unless entered into in bad faith, no contract or transaction between the
Community and one or more of its Members, or between the Community and any
other corporation, partnership, association or other organization in which one
or more of its Members have a financial interest or are directors, partners, or
officers; or between the Community and
any individual related by blood or marriage to any Member, shall be voidable
solely for this reason or solely because said Member was present or
participated in the authorization of such contract or transaction if:
(a) the material facts as to the relationship or
interest of said Member and as to the contract or transaction were disclosed or
known to the Community and the contract or transaction was thereafter
authorized by the disinterested Member Households; and
(b) the contract
or transaction was not patently unfair to the Community as of the time it was
authorized, approved or ratified by the disinterested Member Household; and
Member interested in such contract or
transaction, because of such interest, shall be considered to be in breach of
these By-Laws or liable to the Community, any Member, or any other person or
organization for any loss or expense incurred by reason of such contract or
transaction or shall be accountable for any gain or profit realized from such
contract or transaction.
ARTICLE VIII - ASSESSMENTS
8.1 Assessments
. The
Community shall have the power and authority to make and collect assessments,
both on a regular annual and recurring basis ("Annual Assessments")
and on a special or non-recurring basis ("Special Assessments"), for
the purpose of providing and
maintaining the Common Areas. Member
Households shall be assessed proportionally for Common Expenses based on number
of bedrooms in such Member Household's house, as defined by the Town of West
Tisbury Zoning Ordinance.
The Community
shall determine the Annual Assessment
needed to enable the Community to conduct its operations and achieve its goals,
and the amount shall be announced to the Member Households by notice mailed to
each Member Household at such Member Households address shown on Schedule
A. Annual Assessments shall be
established as of July 1st of each calendar year for the ensuing
twelve months, which assessments shall be levied against each Member Household
for the purposes set forth in the Declaration.
Assessments will be payable in advance on the 1st of each
month, on which date the unpaid amount shall accrue interest at 1.5% per month
and become a lien on the property of the delinquent Member Household(s). If the
Community determines that Annual Assessments are not sufficient to pay actual
Common Expenses, or in the event of an emergency, the Annual Assessment may be increased
mid-year to meet such needs.
“Special Assessments” may be levied
from time to time against Member Households for the purpose of paying
non-recurring capital expenses such as the acquisition of property; the cost of construction of capital improvements to the Common Areas; or the
cost of reconstruction or unexpected repair or replacement of a capital
improvement. All Special Assessments
shall be assessed at rates to be determined by the Community. All such Special Assessments shall be
payable on the payment date determined by the Community and on which date the
unpaid amount of such assessment shall accrue interest at 1.5% per month and
become a lien on the property of the delinquent Member Household(s). In the event that the Community makes any
Special Assessment, the amount thereof and the date for payment shall be
announced to the Member Household by notice sent by mailed to each Member
Household at such Member Household's address shown on Schedule A.
The Community may bring an action to
foreclose a lien for unpaid Annual or Special Assessments or other charges against
any one or more of the House Lots in the manner in which deeds of trust on real
property are foreclosed, and/or may bring a suit on the personal obligation of
the Member Household, or by any other available process. Any
such charge, lien or personal debt on account of the Shared System may be
enforced or collected by the Community by, without limitation, denial of such
House Lot’s access to the Shared System. All costs and expenses incurred by the
Community in enforcing or collecting any such amounts, including reasonable
attorney’s fees, shall be paid by the Member Household responsible for the
assessment. If any assessment or other
charge is not paid in full thirty (30) days after its due date, the Community
may, in addition to other rights herein reserved, accelerate the payment of its
reasonable estimate of Common Expenses for the 12-month period following the
default, and such sum shall serve as security for the payment of future assessments. All such interest and costs of collection
shall constitute a further lien or charge on said House Lot and a personal debt
of the Member Household(s).
Notwithstanding
the above provision, any such charge or lien shall be junior to each mortgage
to a mortgage lending institution chartered or licensed under state or federal
law outstanding upon such House Lot as of the date of such assessment, but
foreclosure of any such mortgage shall not impair the power of the Community,
subsequent to foreclosure, to make further assessments upon such House
Lot. The purchaser of a House Lot at a
judicial or foreclosure sale or a mortgagee who accepts a deed in lieu of
foreclosure shall be liable to the fullest extent permitted by law for
assessments due and payable at the time of said judicial or foreclosure sale or
acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure.
Any such lien
imposed as provided herein shall be limited to those individual House Lots as
to which any Annual or Special Assessment or other charge in respect of the
Shared System or otherwise have not been paid.
ARTICLE IX - Transfers of Interests
9.1. Admission
of Member Household; Effect of Transfer.
(a) Transfer of a
Member Household shall automatically follow ownership of a House Lot and cannot
be otherwise transferred.
(b) Upon the transferee becoming a Member
Household, the Member Household transferring its interest shall be relieved of
liability with respect to the transferred interest arising or accruing under
these By-Laws on or after the effective date of the transfer, unless the
transferor affirmatively assumes such liability; provided, however, that the
transferor shall not be relieved of any liability arising or occurring prior to
the effective date of the transfer unless the transferee affirmatively assumes
such liabilities.
(c) Any person who acquires in any manner an
interest or any part thereof in the Community, whether or not such person has
accepted and assumed in writing the terms and provisions of these By-Laws or
been admitted as a Member Household, shall be deemed by the acquisition of such
interests to have agreed to be subject to and bound by all of the provisions of
these By-Laws with respect to such interest, including without limitation, the
provisions hereof with respect to any subsequent transfer of such interest.
ARTICLE X - Dissolution,
Liquidation and Termination
10.1. Dissolution. Subject to the rights of the mortgagees, the
Community shall dissolve and its affairs shall be wound up upon the first to
occur of the following: